The Biblical Unitarian Podcast

This week's episode examines all the instances of people saying "I am He" in the Gospel according to Matthew. We note that Jesus makes this self-declaration (Greek: "ego eimi") twice and each of his disciples also utters the phrase. Do those who say "I am He" mean that they are identifying as Yahweh, the God of Israel? Or is the claim a casual, self-reference that has nothing to do with what God means when he claims the title for himself? This episode breaks down all the data.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1qPJ0TAt-4NDh13VYcMdESSscldDfZc-cPombxwBzDK8/edit?usp=sharing  

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This week's episode examines all the occurrences within the Gospel of Mark where Jesus says "I am he" (Greek: "ego eimi"). We begin by examining whether the narrator distinguishes God and Jesus or whether the two are collapsed into a single being. From there, we set each of the instances where the Markan Jesus declares "I am he" in its context in order to see whether he is claiming to be Yahweh, the God of Israel.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1plERMqGLvzLdyLZUCjqeJypY_1BGQsVZUnNIAtI9PbI/edit?usp=sharing 

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What did Jews think of the phrase “I am he” and how was it used in normal, everyday life? This episode lays out the context for upcoming studies of the four NT Gospels by exploring how the phrase “I am he” was understood, both as a self-declaration of Yahweh to be the only true God and as an increasingly casual self-designation in dialogues between learned Jewish rabbis.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ovkK8iFQYJ1Ts-aLMb4xOY1O8f-jD7a35UbKnG3_ZyM/edit?usp=sharing 

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As we continue our study of Yahweh's famous self-declaration "I am He," we turn to examine the phrase in the Book of Isaiah. This episode will look closely at eight Isaiah passages to better understand what Yahweh means when he repeatedly claims to be "I am He." We also look at how the Jews rendered these Isaiah passages into the Greek of the LXX in order to learn from their translation choices and what they say about God as a single person. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XnIbFJX4WZ1gjxNeOQFag5Po5DAe08IfKpocKCV7pNs/edit?usp=sharing 

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What does Yahweh mean when he claims the self-designation "I am he" within the Hebrew Bible? This episode begins a series that aims to explore what the phrase "I am he" means on the lips of Yahweh in order that we might better make sense of what Jesus means when he makes a similar declaration. We examine the first-person reference ("I am he") as well as evidence for the second-person designation ("You are he") before drawing conclusions on the nature of their exclusivity.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1odD1dTmOqTtCc6GxfB8lLK53wviU7kYds2QdVVpYSdU/edit?usp=sharing

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In Revelation 1:4-5, we encounter our last attempt at the supposedly-biblical Triune God being referenced in the Bible. However, there is a problem with the designation "seven spirits who are before his throne." While some interpreters desperately argue that this is actually a reference to the Holy Spirit, the evidence suggests that these are seven angels. We examine the Book of Revelation anyways to see what it says about God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gt6M3mjudt32v0utRZfJ99hRUpJJKdj99adGHJIEw_c/edit?usp=sharing  
   
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Within the small Epistle of Jude, there exists another triadic passage (Jude 1:20-21). However, this passage actually speaks about God, Jesus, and the Spirit--not quite the definition of the triune God eager interpreters often seek. This episode explores what Jude had to say about God, Jesus, and the Spirit. We even briefly touch on the controversial verses like 1:4 and 1:5.  

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nbh1HeB62PjcrxDNT9KzalsS00D-d1weUXm2X53RuWI/edit?usp=sharing 

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The opening sentence of 1 Peter mentions the Father, Son, and Spirit together. Is this an implicit declaration of the doctrine of the Trinity or is the Father the God of Jesus? This week's episode explores this triadic statement by placing it in its context to determine what 1 Peter has to say about God, Jesus, and the Spirit. We observe that the Father alone is God, Jesus is the highly exalted human messiah, and the Spirit is God's sanctifying gift to believers. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SOEb7XPp5NZjwHZRIbgZlGLR3V76vdWOeO66cw8n8K8/edit?usp=sharing      

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Hebrews 9:14 contains another triadic reference to God, Jesus, and the Spirit. Is this evidence of the doctrine of the Trinity? We examine this passage and observe that it actually speaks about Jesus offering himself to the one true God in sacrificial terms, mediated by God's Spirit. We also explore how this triadic passage fit within the theology of the Book of Hebrews as a whole. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1L6aBSBK5qtXUQyGbaWcmiTorrANoFBXDz9z5G-jeWXs/edit?usp=sharing     

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In this week's episode, we explore the prayer language in Ephesians involving the Father, Son, and Spirit. Is this prayer a subtle reference to the triune God or is the God addressed here the Father alone--the God of Jesus? We explore Ephesians and discover that the latter option is true. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1D99FMw4WElzqH10bRdf1diw3ofz4uPh9Lapy_6Mfvnc/edit?usp=sharing    

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In this week's episode, we explore what Paul means in the triadic mention of God, the Son, and the Spirit in Gal. 4:4-6. Is this a reference to the triune God or is Paul reaffirming his Jewish monotheistic stance? We strive to set Gal. 4:4-6 within the context of the Letter to the Galatians in order to responsibly and charitably interpret what Paul meant for his original readers to understand with his theology and christology. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tNUv0IQBAlYIF9l1CaZ6hr7rKry_INkw1YFmun1r4oc/edit?usp=sharing   

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This week's episode explores the triad present in the final verse of 2 Corinthians. Since the triad does not fit the Trinity's own definition of God and the three persons, we explore what Paul has to say about God, Jesus, and the Spirit throughout the epistle in order to set the final verse responsibly in its overall context. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/12m36qpoEkTrEK90cew16aFy3hlnMmMD8lZDiymLT938/edit?usp=sharing  

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Our study of the triad passages within the New Testament leads us to 1 Cor. 12:4-6, where the Apostle Paul speaks of the same Spirit, the same Lord, and the same God. While some eager interpreters jump on this reference and claim that Paul was teaching the Trinity to the Corinthians, this episode argues that the meaning of the passage is far more nuanced. Paul instead clearly indicates that God is the Father alone, Jesus is the subordinate human son, and the Spirit is the extended presence and power of the one God.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1odkdnHLDWc0ab4YvselxBNKBfyuOlFCJG8uHe4ePiA8/edit?usp=sharing 

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As we continue to explore the various "triads" in the New Testament, we come across Romans 15:30 in this week's episode. What does Paul mean with this call to prayer involving God, Jesus, and the Spirit? Is Paul teaching that the Romans should pray to the Triune God or is there something else going on here? This episode explores this triad and aims to set it in its context within the Book of Romans.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VNB3cQr1ZgggEl6nOW1skg_HTNBc-Bp7NFhPPx5i1IM/edit?usp=sharing         

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Instead of explaining away or casting doubt on the reference to the Father, Son, and Spirit in Matt. 28:19, why not strive to understand what it does mean? This week's episode begins a new series that aims to explore the triadic formulas in the New Testament, beginning with the Great Commission. We consider that the Gospel of Matthew teaches about God, the Son, and the Spirit before drawing conclusions concerning the triadic reference at the end of the book.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rwbyYycbBUJFnJqaSSOMzfLKr8ITQ6r9Yh1ak0Q6G34/edit?usp=sharing        

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This week's episode surveys six NT authors in order to see what sort of preexistence they attribute to Jesus. Do these authors (the four Evangelists, Paul, 1 Peter) regard Jesus as having existed in the plans and purposes of God? What about preexisting as personified wisdom/word? Can a NT author believe both of these things without contradiction? Is there any evidence that these authors regarded Jesus as having literally preexisted his birth? These are the sort of questions this episode encourages interpreters to ask as we nuance the topic of preexistence to take into account all of its possible meanings.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Osz9orl2sU4SoAZPLVHNChaYevKppnhEi2hptUlINrk/edit?usp=sharing       

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This week's episode explores how Jews described the concept of preexistence. We note that "preexistence" is not a single concept, but rather we observe from several Jewish texts that preexistence can mean three different ideas: preexisting in God's plans, preexisting as a personified attribute (e.g., word and wisdom), and literally preexisting. This study aims to encourage interpreters to think more critically about the way we talk about preexistence, rather than to assume that it only refers to a single defined concept. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tVqk107QDYkFkaWMjqXJZJrIPt-sPwM4Uahkw71AHQ8/edit?usp=sharing        

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Did Jesus Christ preexist as a rock? In this week's episode, we explain what Paul means in 1 Cor. 10:4 by first identifying the wisdom Christology in his letter. We then turn to place his discussion of the nourishment-giving rock in its Hellenistic Jewish context. Lastly,  we charitably interpret the way in which Paul describes Jesus before he was born (i.e., typology). As we come to better understand and grasp Paul's wisdom Christology, we can discern that the attributes and characteristics of God's personified wisdom are now deployed to illustrate Jesus Christ--the human embodiment of God's wisdom.  

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1fqW0pjUHfyJByOmb69p-tf7Xp44gVj_BD4tDH5q9sMI/edit?usp=sharing       

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This week's episode gives another listen to our recent debate's closing statements. If you do not have time to listen to the debate in its entirety, my closing statement summarizes what took place, the strengths of our position, the inadequate attempts by our dialogue partners to address our key points, the weaknesses of their position, and a call to the audience to seek the more logical of the two options presented.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1iaL6-6Z93ArEr5hgvxCGbe4WtaECE1aswE_901HxuvM/edit?usp=sharing      

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In this week's episode, we listen to the second round of cross-examination from our recent debate on whether Jesus is Yahweh (to which we argued the negative position). My debate partner Will Barlow asked the questions and I took the role of answering the questions offered by the affirmative side.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1TQN9x86oo3aCdEISWIZuKlsq4WBFWBBJZZyLX4M3vdM/edit?usp=sharing     

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This week's episode explores the first round of cross-examination questions from our recent debate on whether Jesus is Yahweh. My partner Will took the lead in asking the questions to our two dialogue partners while I took the lead in answering their questions. This is the first of two rounds of cross-examination (round two will be in next week's episode). 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nCDuRqOmd1GJb4O4ptlLdP4Nte_HZjxDeYP9tcuq9Fs/edit?usp=sharing    

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In this episode, we will listen to the rebuttal round of our recent debate on whether the Bible teaches that Jesus is Yahweh. We argued against the proposition. In addition to hearing both rebuttals (one from each team), I discuss our strategy in organizing our refutation of their opening points. If you listen carefully to their rebuttal, they fail to respond to many of the seven initial points that we demonstrated in our opening statement.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MRGWmTFpQi0WwiKRrZJ57O-W4HsW9Had8SFwC9C8n3k/edit?usp=sharing    

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Pastor Will Barlow and I recently participated in a live debate on whether the Bible teaches that Jesus is Yahweh. Will and I argued for the negative, while our dialogue partners--Kyle and Samuel--graciously argued for the affirmative. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast recalls the two opening statements from the debate. Check out the notes of this episode for the transcript of our opening statement (which Will and I wrote together). Next week's episode will feature the rebuttals of the two opening statements, with me offering the rebuttal for our side of the debate. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1j-ZgDWILP9XiHZOqL4tomjP1DHu4wNcnpmfuSnCZrpg/edit?usp=sharing   

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In our final episode exploring the messianic expectations set forth in the Hebrew Bible, we dive deep into Micah chapter 5. This passage talks about a coming ruler to be born in Bethlehem in order to shepherd the children of Israel. We explore the origins of this messianic ruler, the ways in which Yahweh empowers this coming king, and the influence of Micah 5 upon the NT authors as they illustrate Jesus' birth and kingly role.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jV9H0QXQNk_HUXIJliuSsUf4bSiIxPP7dLPf2QbGvzU/edit?usp=sharing              

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As we continue to explore the passages in the Old Testament that shaped the expectation of the Jewish messiah, we come to the Book of Daniel. In this work, the prophet interprets a dream by Nebuchadnezzar regarding a rock that crushes a large statue of kingdoms. This episode will look into how this image of a rock came to be understood by interpreters as the messianic son of God, after which we will look to see if Jesus himself possessed this interpretation in the Gospel of Luke. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Kec32csijlYG_YWl-bI8l9oKtLzJZwd8WhWFxW7HamQ/edit?usp=sharing             

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As we continue to look into the Hebrew Bible for clues about the promised Messiah's description, role, and relationship with the God of Israel, we come across Ezekiel 34 and its prophecy about the Davidic shepherd-king. We explore how Yahweh is the true shepherd and how he empowers his servant David--the Davidic messiah--with the divine prerogatives of the shepherd. Then we turn to the New Testament to see how Jesus is illustrated with the God-given role as the shepherd of God's flock.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1D4N3yXtl83E5fWOZNdlb9iPhtMrORvTXxpyj5GtIb5U/edit?usp=sharing             

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This week we examine the fourth of Isaiah's servant songs, often deemed the Suffering Servant Song (Isaiah 52-53). We look closely at how this figure interacts with kings and his sinful countrymen, as well as his relationship with Yahweh. We then turn to explore at how the authors of the New Testament depict Jesus Christ as the Suffering Servant in his ministry, death, and resurrection. Lastly, we consider whether the christological passage in Philippians 2 depicts Christ Jesus taking the form of Isaiah's suffering servant.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_Yu0YcdaQdfq0L4JhiNQxKJtaq4aHfLHw9pOQI8XIFY/edit?usp=sharing            

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This week's episode explores the third Isaianic Servant Song, located in Isaiah 50. This passage describes both the obedient nature of the servant to Yahweh, while also highlighting the ways in which he is rejected and humiliated by his peers. We then turn to the New Testament to note the impact that Isaiah 50 has had on the portrayal of Jesus as humiliated during his crucifixion, as one who is obedient to the only true God, and one who demonstrated nonviolent endurance.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g0wcfINjTyQzDthxILjDRAcaX9oCym_LUoCW6f6s1iM/edit?usp=sharing            

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This week's episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast explores the second Isaianic Servant Song, located within Isaiah 49. This passage speaks of a servant created by Yahweh in the womb who has the destiny of restoring the children of Israel as well as being a light to the ends of the earth. We also take time to consider how the NT authors, especially Luke, the writer of Hebrews, and John the Revelator, draw heavily upon Isaiah 49 in their Christian portrayals of Jesus the Jewish messiah.
 
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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LkpEXS5DFrahptCgXxdqKmO6X9Iyuiyf1bIU3L6C3fA/edit?usp=sharing           

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In the first of Isaiah's famous Servant Songs, the chosen servant of Yahweh has a spirit-enabled mission to be a covenant to the people and a light to the Gentiles. This episode explores the original meaning of this servant song and the ways it was adapted to illustrate Jesus Christ by the NT authors. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1y-ce6i6uNrYWgYBAVh4pn-MJfWkvngZtbfNHbPewkxw/edit?usp=sharing           

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This week's episode explores the ways in which Isaiah 28:16 and its portrayal of the cornerstone in Zion was interpreted in Judaism and early Christianity to refer to the son of God--the royal Messiah. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wCRwiIcxioh7c-fX3KI7lrg0Zrb9JYdEciUAhlzcEeM/edit?usp=sharing          

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This week's episode explores the "Branch" imagery used for the royal Davidic king within the Book of Isaiah. Our first reference illustrates this figure as a descendant of Jesse, David's father. We also look at a similar reference that associates this Branch with Yahweh, and in doing so, we examine the possible ways that this reference came to possess the characteristics of a bright shining star. Finally, we look into the New Testament to survey the manner in which Jesus is the Son of David, bearing the characteristics of Isaiah's messianic Branch figure.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1qg-o_yGqqnM-X4HzTE0Vczuu6UJ0X0cAdljddp3MOmA/edit?usp=sharing          

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This week's episode looks at the prophet Isaiah and his oracle concerning Immanuel. We explore the meaning of Immanuel in Isaiah's context and in Matthew's context. After considering the messianic relevance of Isaiah 7:14, we examine the meaning of "with us is God" in light of Matthew's Wisdom Christology.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YFMNC7OFnwT16kHJmmxwMXkK2NQXVOztJ52-4F2ZkXw/edit?usp=sharing         

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This week's episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast asks if the erotic Song of Solomon had any influence on Jesus' self-understanding and on the NT portrayal of the Jewish Messiah. Our study looks for traces of influence of the Song of Solomon upon Jesus' role as the bridegroom and his interaction with two women in the Gospel of John.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Wc2qMOAmc65reCSUlIQD-zGNAOaVxlFBNeCyJjiaXGg/edit?usp=sharing         

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This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast explores how the Jewish sages portrayed personified wisdom alongside personified folly in Proverbs chapter 9. We then turn to note the many ways that this illustration of God's wisdom impacted the historical Jesus and the early Church in their messianic understandings, namely by seeing Jesus as the embodiment of Lady Wisdom.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nxbQB32e4esxSEH8U3xTSnuMtVCbzQndWda48t6pp_A/edit?usp=sharing        

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Proverbs chapter eight contains the most heightened picture of personified wisdom within the Hebrew Bible. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast examines this chapter, discusses the portrayal of Lady Wisdom, and explores how the New Testament authors understood Jesus Christ as embodying many of personified wisdom's characteristics. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1TNGzClC9FC6-CfSBmve2JU7qMaj-NwXeLrOliiDaDDg/edit?usp=sharing       

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Proverbs chapter three had a massive impact on Jesus himself and on the NT writers who portrayed him as the locus of God's wisdom. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast explores the portrayal of personified wisdom in Proverbs chapter three and notes many of her traits and qualities. Next, we turn to the New Testament to see six discernable ways in which Jesus functions as the embodiment of God's wisdom (without indicating that Jesus consciously preexisted his birth). We also speculate on why the Gospel of John is so interested in presenting a fully-fledged Wisdom Christology. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1e6Qh1aqQeJb7tV0Dz82MaPw3iiHpi-ByiNARM_qTlQ0/edit?usp=sharing      

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Little do most readers of the Bible know, the Book of Proverbs significantly shaped the way that the New Testament writers characterized Jesus Christ. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast explores the first chapter of Proverbs and its depiction of the wisdom of God as a personified female figure. After examining wisdom in Proverbs 1, we offer some suggestions on ways in which the chapter influenced the NT picture of the man Jesus Christ. We even discuss the nature of preexistence in terms of its dependence upon the Jewish wisdom texts. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CSfsU9aeHN1v3L4cxZiw-vlIU35tyi8_VbCrZ7C5u2g/edit?usp=sharing     

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Psalm 132 longs for a time when the Davidic kingship will be restored by God. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast looks at the contents of this oft-neglected psalm in order to better understand the implications behind the strong New Testament commitment to portraying Jesus as the Son of David. We will, furthermore, consider how this messianic title further defines the humanity of Jesus and his position within the human race.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wXczk1dmBZLIEhu7Kt5BjpmDcAy6zE3uemtmkdm21p8/edit?usp=sharing    

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Psalm 118 was deeply influential upon the New Testament writers in portraying Jesus as the rejected Son of God, but originally it was a temple psalm that celebrated the battle fought by the psalmist. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast explores Psalm 118, first in its original context and then in the way it was used by the NT authors. We also explore the messianic pun with the stone and the son as well as the ways in which Jesus is portrayed as the agent of Yahweh because of this psalm. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MMBxpP9Fl9RCzoi7KoOWvp5Z_CGtIDNDNdF51FPqZ9M/edit?usp=sharing    

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https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG5H6oqEnhFjdUryhDOYSvQ 

Psalm 110 is arguably the most impactful passage upon New Testament Christology. This episode examines the psalm and its contents and discusses the differences between the two lords. Afterward, we explore some of the many ways in which the various New Testament authors portrayed Jesus Christ as the exalted lord at the right hand of Israel's God.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m4Ug25cCC7963z0LrPbiuXMrrgN1BF1Uyfw4FhKsdK4/edit?usp=sharing   

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This episode examines the messianic implications contained within Psalm 89--a psalm that expounds the Davidic covenant between Israel's God and the regent David. We explore how God shares his prerogatives and authority over the chaotic waters with the Davidic king and the vital relationship between the human king and God. Lastly, we look at the various ways in which Psalm 89 has impacted the messianic outlook of the NT authors. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ztBLjR51GL1R9u7nxiCsLzi7O2FMBE3FbGiCdjaGHts/edit?usp=sharing  

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Psalm 72 impacted the expectation of the Israelite Messiah in many noteworthy ways. This episode of the Biblical Unitarian Podcast explores the contents of Psalm 72, notes how the human king is empowered by the God of Israel, and observes how the contents of the psalm shaped the messianic expectations in the Babylonian Talmud and in the New Testament, especially pertaining to the subject of preexistence. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1e83khYId_Sn-uYTKtP52Y7LzNsW0-Xn_jCLwR26LjBk/edit?usp=sharing  

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Psalm 69 might not be the most popular psalm in the collection, but it was highly influential upon early Christians as they framed Jesus Christ as the crucified and risen messiah. This episode explores Psalm 69, examines the subject as a persecuted righteous person, and takes note of the relationship between the psalmist and the God of Israel. Then we turn to the many New Testament authors who drew upon Psalm 69 to illustrate Jesus, the church, and those who reject Jesus' gospel. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1as6MV5FCtLVXMjgH8taoHLxRVVCkNK-B4BH0QifrUe0/edit?usp=sharing 

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Psalm 45 proves to be yet another remarkable passage that inspired early interpreters in their understanding of the Messiah. This psalm is a love song sung towards the human king--a royal groom who is highly empowered by the God of Israel's attributes, prerogatives, and authority. This episode looks at three ways in which the Gospel of John draws upon Psalm 45 in order to portray Jesus Christ distinctively. Furthermore, we look at the citation from Psalm 45 in Hebrews chapter one, which addressed the human Jesus as functionally God in the same way that Psalm 45 describes the royal groom as functionally God.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Osmb0xMBluRgdk71sDc3nkwppghGLYahI8fLZ_GE7dI/edit?usp=sharing        

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This week's episode looks at Psalm 40 and the ways in which the New Testament authors drew upon this psalm to portray Jesus Christ as one who was faithful to God, resulting in the sacrificial death of Jesus. Psalm 40 illustrates the life of a faithful Israelite whose ear is opened to obeying the will of Yahweh, his God. This obedient orientation is highlighted in the psalm over the offering of various sacrifices. The Gospel of John picks up the theme of Jesus' obedience to God while the author of the Book of Hebrews draws on this discussion of sacrifices to insist that Jesus' body is the once and for all offering needed. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gkGSQosSQkftvlO5KT3qmqyULNOvMz1_bXYIY-raDaM/edit?usp=sharing         

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Psalm 22 was a highly influential passage for early Christians as they tried to understand the death of Jesus as well as the God who delivered Jesus from the grave. This episode explores the impact that Psalm 22 had upon both the historical Jesus and the writers of the New Testament. In doing so, we observe how Jesus has a God, how Jesus is a genuine human being, and how God delivered Jesus from the crisis of death. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1qs8_aPQB4NrfeohMoYXG1OHwrjZSdsOzRlZHsILF6UI/edit?usp=sharing        

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This week's episode examines the contents of Psalm 16 and the ways in which it influences the NT author's christological understanding of Jesus. While the psalm originally petitioned God for protection from death, the writers of the New Testament saw an application in the death and resurrection of Jesus--the Holy One of God. We explore how the psalm addresses and understands God, how the psalm highlights Jesus' full humanity, and the relationship between Jesus and the God of Israel. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1COCErgAOih7kyZJI6pifVmf6YoDv5HM2sY5NZcpgV4I/edit?usp=sharing       

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As we turn to Psalm 8 in order to explore how it shaped the messianic expectations of early Jews and Christians, we note in this episode the various ways in which the passage draws upon Genesis 1 and its portrayal of the creator God and Adam. We also look into the ways in which Yahweh shares his privileges and prerogatives with human beings, as well as the ways in which God has done the very same with Jesus Christ in the New Testament. Lastly, we look at two prominent authors who cite Psalm 8 in order to describe Jesus' activity precisely as a human being.

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gJCtP8bMbdOEN5YViDHo9cnJvESmY_EXNKKWuBRjOjQ/edit?usp=sharing      

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This week's episode explores the highly influential Psalm 2. This psalm introduces "the Christ" as Yahweh's anointed king, the son of God. These titles proved to be impactful to early Christians in their understanding of Jesus, his role, and his relationship with the God of Israel. After exploring Psalm 2 in its original context, we look at three significant ways in which Psalm 2 reappears in the pages of the New Testament and what it means for our understanding of God and Jesus. 

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To view the notes from this episode please click the link below:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1M7NYx2ypJYDxuYuYyYYn44If_A7nbQgA0OfLwtq4NMs/edit?usp=sharing     

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